The Process of Selecting Party Leaders
November 24th, 2006
I was talking to some of my Liberal colleagues about their leadership race. Now, for the Liberals involved, it is a serious business. But for other Canadians it is mostly an entertaining parlor game. However, choosing party leaders is a serious business in that it has major implications for democracy in Canada.
The predominant way that party leaders have been chosen over the last 100 years is through a convention of delegates. Party members vote for delegates and the delegates elect the leader at a national convention. While this method often looks democratic to outsiders (and makes for very entertaining television) it has some major problems. The biggest problem is that it allows for party organizers with big bucks to hire people to vote in delegate selection meetings. Also, party officials are often appointed to vote in the convention without having been elected.
The second way is direct election of a leader by members of the party. This method is an improvement over the delegate selection because it makes it more difficult for party big shots to manipulate voting. It also makes it difficult for leadership candidates to cut deals for private gain. In my opinion, direct election is more democratic than the delegate convention system. The one problem with direct election: There is still room for massive manipulation by party officials and organizers who control blocks of voters, thereby subverting the wishes of regular party members.
The third way to elect party leaders: Have Members of Parliament directly elect the leader of their party. This was the way Canadian party leaders were elected until the 1920s. The official reason why this system was scrapped: In order to make party politics more inclusive. When this method of leader selection was abandoned, one unforeseen consequence was that it took power away from MPs and gave it to fundraisers, party staffers and the Prime Minister’s Office.
It is probably the biggest reason why MPs have a difficult time being independent, as they have no control on the leadership—and the leadership controls them.
I hope the above gave you some insight into the way that party leaders, and ultimately the Prime Minister is chosen. No system is perfect and all three have their strengths and weaknesses. But it is important that Canadians understand their democratic process.
I’m Brad Trost your MP for Saskatoon-Humboldt, contact my offices anytime, I love to hear from you.

